Knowledge Repository

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TeleICU – Saving Lives from a Distance

George Regional Hospital (GRH) and Groote Schuur Hospital (GSH) collaborated to implement and telehealth service using robotics, enhancing critical care access for Eden and Central Karoo districts. This initiative has bridged geographical barriers, providing timely specialist consultations form GSH to GRH’s ICU. This approach aims to sustainably enhance healthcare delivery across the region through increased access to expertise as well as enhanced knowledge and skills transfer.

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Saving Blood, Saving Lives

Blood products are a life saving resource and are essential to a successful healthcare system. The challenge is that they are both a scarce and expensive. Edendale Hospital was deemed one of the worst provincial performers in terms of the amount and cost of blood products used, misuse and ordering of products, this despite having a blood bank on site. Their challenge was to figure out an innovative strategy to ensure the correct use of blood products, decrease the amount of blood products used and also reduce expenditure. The result was a simple, yet effective strategy that sought to avoid inappropriate use of blood products.

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Early Prostate Cancer Treatment Project

Radiation Oncology at Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital (CMJAH) and Urology at CMJAH and Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital (CHBAH) have long waiting lists for patients to receive prostate cancer treatment. Treatment options involved 7-weeks of daily external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) or operations (radical prostatectomy) with extended hospital recovery stays. With limited linear accelerator time and surgical theatre time, patients wait up to 5 years before treatment, and some upstage their cancer. Using prostate brachytherapy, radioactive seeds are inserted into the prostate to treat the prostate cancer. The procedure takes 1 hour (vs. 4-5 hours for a radical prostatectomy), and patients are discharged the next day. Success rate is equivalent to the other treatment modalities for early-stage prostate cancer, and cures over 90% of patients.

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Telehealth Implementation within the Paediatric Speech Therapy Outpatient Service

The implementation of telehealth into the paediatric speech therapy outpatient service was initiated as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. Due to the pandemic, especially during level 5 and 4 lock down, patients were not able to access outpatient services. As restrictions were eased, it was evident that attending multiple appointments further added to the financial burden being faced by families as well as increasing their risk of exposure to COVID 19. As a result of these factors the innovation within the paediatric speech outpatient service through telehealth ensured that all patients still had access and were receiving speech therapy services, in accordance with patients’ right to therapy. Patients were provided with speech, language and feeding intervention in the comfort of their homes. This ensured that all patients are receiving the intervention that they have the right to receive, which is crucial, especially with Early Childhood (ECI) Intervention, which is a priority throughout all paediatric speech services. The reason being that ECI provides the opportunities for future success if intervention strategies are implemented from a young age. Essentially, it improves their overall outcomes.

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Multi-Disciplinary Package of Care for Lower Limb Replacement Arthroplasty Patients

In South Africa, there is an ongoing major challenge of extensive waiting lists of arthroplasty patients. To manage this challenge would require huge sums of money. Following the onset of COVID-19 pandemic, this challenge became worse particularly with the subsequent cancellation of elective surgeries. At Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital (CHBAH), it would take as long as two years for patients to receive an arthroplasty operations as per the waiting list registry kept at the unit, not only did this attract bad media publicity, it also inevitably became a major political concern. In response, the orthopaedic physiotherapists at CHBAH developed a solution in the form of a multi-disciplinary package of care.

Expansion of Clubfoot Services and Training Project

Clubfoot is a common congenital musculoskeletal disorder that causes mobility impairment. It is one of the leading causes of physical disability in children, particularly in low to middle income countries. This is true, despite the fact that it is a treatable condition. Clubfoot is a deformity in which an infant's foot is turned inward, often so severely that the bottom of the foot faces sideways or even upward. The condition most often presents at birth and is caused by a shortened Achilles tendon. Generally, there is a lack of trained mid-level personnel to provide clubfoot treatment in Africa. In addition, there is no standard training courses. In Gauteng province, Clubfoot is generally managed in Academic Hospital clinics which are run by Orthopaedic Surgery Departments. This placed a huge burden on these facilities which are few while also forcing patients and their families to travel longer distances to seek treatment elsewhere. The Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital came up with a solution to deal with this challenge.

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Early Childhood Intervention in Neonatal and Maternal Health

The project was started following an Early Childhood Intervention (ECI) training in February 2020, where three Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital (CMJAH) Therapeutic Service employees (Occupational Therapist, Speech Therapist and Physiotherapist) identified a need to initiate a Task Team to address the specific early intervention needs of the Paediatric community at CMJAH. While there is an existing multidisciplinary team focus within the CMJAH Paediatric Therapeutic service unit, the high burden of care and fast-paced work environment has resulted in challenges in collaboration in planning, organising, evaluating, and implementing new strategies within the ECI service delivery. Therefore, the key reason for initiating the task team is to provide a framework for the early intervention services and a guidance to plan, monitor and evaluate these services towards holistic patient care. The primary focus of the CMJAH ECI Task team for the past 12 months pertains to evaluations and innovations within the neonatal and maternal health target populations. This innovation plays a pertinent role in ensuring that systems are implemented for early detection and identification, assessment, and management of patients with high-risk birth factors. This is important to reduce the impact of the vulnerabilities associated with high-risk birth factors on a child’s holistic development within their family context.

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The Early Hearing Detection and Intervention (EHDI) Programme

Congenital hearing loss occurs most frequently at birth. The World Health Organization (2010) indicated newborn hearing impairment averages around 6 per 1000 births. Children develop language, communication, and cognitive skills by hearing. The early identification of hearing loss is necessary for healthy child development. With advancements in the method of assessing hearing status of newborns objectively, the implementation of a universal newborn hearing screening (UNHS) programme is an effective system to identify hearing loss early (Das et al., 2020). While early hearing detection and intervention (EHDI) focuses on the overall journey of the child from identification, diagnosis, and management (Moodley & Storbeck, 2015). The South African government recognises the value of UNHS; however, it has not been adopted within the public health sector that services approximately 80% of the population (Kanji, 2018). Recent studies have widely indicated that the implementation of an EHDI programme will have adverse economic effects in future.

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MomConnect

South Africa needs significant improvements to meet the Millenium Development Goals (MDGs) for child and maternal mortality. It is recognised that a large number of child and maternal deaths could be avoided if some basic interventions are implemented at scale. Many pilot projects in a number of countries, have successfully used cell phone technology as a tool to improve interventions which have been shown to improve Maternal and Child Health (MCH) outcomes. In South Arica, virtually every pregnant woman has access to cell phone. It is therefore considered that appropriate access to cellphone technology has the potential to accelerate interventions of proven value.

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Broselow Emergency Reference Tape Inspired Resuscitation Boxes

Pediatric resuscitation can be very daunting at a Primary Healthcare (PHC) facility. This can be particularly stressful with new staff in the emergency with the rotation of staff at a PHC facility. Every PHC Emergency Center has a pediatric resuscitation trolley that is generally well stocked. Due to infrequent pediatric resuscitations at primary healthcare facilities and the rotation of clinical staff resuscitations are a challenge. There is often a rush to look for the appropriate size equipment and furious search for appropriate protocols on smart phone applications to find the correct dosages. The Mitchells Plain Community Health Center came up with a solution to this challenge.

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Quality Improvement Project on Triaging and Fast-tracking Maternity Patients

Patients at the Themba Hospital in Mpumalanga province were not triaged. They were attended on the basis of who came first unless labour was imminent or there was an emergency. This resulted in cases such as fetal distress, cord prolapse or uterine rupture not diagnosed immediately because patients had to wait for their turn. Many cases were not monitored. This contributed to poor maternal and fetal outcomes. The project aimed at creating a standardised and easy to use system for assessing and prioritising urgency of patients who were presented to the labour ward.

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Hospital and Emergency Centre Tracking Information System (HECTIS)

It is universally accepted that the Emergency Centre (EC) is the coal face of the healthcare service delivery platform at all levels of care from primary to specialised institutions. As a consequence, the management and efficiency of this service will directly impact on the quality of patient outcomes. The Western Cape Department of Health historically utilised large amounts of paper-based registers to track the number and movement of patients through the Emergency Centre. This led to large amounts of redundant capturing of patient data at multiple touchpoints, poor access and quality of any patient EC Data, and an inability to manage the chaos which prevails at most Emergency Centres. The ECs are a high service pressured area and any relief to staff would have a major impact as well as enable better clinical and operational management of services. In response to this challenge, the HECTIS (Hospital and Emergency Centre Tracking Information System) application was developed. It was initially piloted at 4 Emergency Centres and iteratively improved over time. During COVID-19 it showed massive utility and is now, over the last 18 months, being scaled up to every public sector Emergency Centre in the province.

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Pharmacy Speedy-Q System

The Speedy-Q system was implemented at Edenvale Hospital Outpatients Pharmacy to reduce patient waiting times. The pharmacy team conducted a study on waiting times- a common issue causing complaints and poor pharmacy experiences. Using the fishbone diagram, the root cause analysis revealed lengthy prescriptions, high patient volumes, staff shortages, inadequate infrastructure, and poor queuing systems as the main factors contributing to the issue. This was concerning to staff as working in a stressful environment impacts their mental and physical wellbeing. Pharmacy is the hospital's endpoint, causing outpatients to be exhausted from previous departmental consults and unable to queue for extended periods. Before Speedy-Q, waiting times ranged from 1 hour 15 minutes to 3 hours. Patients waited longer at pharmacy compared to the overall patient journey. Staff morale was affected, with staff taking sick leave four times a month. Due to human resource constraints and limited financial resources, a lean management approach was adopted, focusing on using available resources as a solution to the challenge. The dispensing process was restructured by implementing an innovative system to attain radical change and combat the long waiting times. Over its 21-month period, Speedy-Q has displayed a 78% reduction in waiting times.

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Digital Patient Journey (HMS2)

The project is transitioning the Eastern Cape Department of Health from a predominantly manual patient medical record system that integrates other systems within the digital health landscape in South Africa, that includes NHLS, SANBS, HPRS etc. The system that is deployed is called HMS2, which is a inhouse developed system that maintains a shared medical record, allowing for the electronic recording and sharing of patient journeys (encounters and episodes) within and between healthcare facilities. This significant advancement allows the EC DoH to access real-time patient information across implemented healthcare facilities.